Single Antigen Bead Assay (SAB) Class I/II

• Test Name: Single Antigen Bead Assay (SAB) Class I/II.
• Test Type: A highly sensitive immunological assay used to detect and quantify antibodies against specific HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) Class I and Class II molecules.
• Methodology: The assay uses flow cytometry or Luminex technology to detect the binding of antibodies to beads coated with individual HLA antigens.
• Purpose: To evaluate the presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in transplant recipients or candidates, aiding in the risk assessment of graft rejection.

• Transplantation Compatibility: Identifies donor-specific HLA antibodies to assess the risk of transplant rejection in organ recipients.
• Post-transplant Monitoring: Used to detect the development of new antibodies that might signal potential rejection after transplantation.
• Pre-transplant Assessment: Screens for pre-existing antibodies that could impact organ matching and transplant success.
• HLA Alloimmunization Detection: Helps detect sensitization due to blood transfusions, pregnancies, or previous transplants.

• HLA Class I Antigen Detection: Includes testing for antibodies against HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C.
• HLA Class II Antigen Detection: Includes testing for antibodies against HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DP.
• Quantification of Antibody Levels: Measures the strength and specificity of HLA antibodies using mean fluorescence intensity (MFI).

• Positive for HLA Antibodies: Indicates the presence of HLA-specific antibodies, which may increase the risk of transplant rejection.
• Negative for HLA Antibodies: No significant HLA antibodies were detected, suggesting a lower risk for antibody-mediated rejection.
• MFI Values: Higher MFI values suggest stronger antibody binding and a higher likelihood of clinical significance in transplant risk.

• Turnaround Time: Typically available within 1 to 2 weeks, depending on the laboratory.
• Result Format: The report includes a detailed breakdown of antibodies detected against HLA Class I and II antigens with corresponding MFI values.
• Clinical Significance: High MFI values are considered clinically relevant and may necessitate changes in immunosuppression or transplant plans.

Q. What is the Single Antigen Bead Assay Class I/II Test?
It is a diagnostic test that detects antibodies against specific HLA Class I and II molecules, which is important for assessing transplant compatibility and rejection risk
 

Q. Why is this test important for organ transplants?
The test helps identify donor-specific antibodies that can cause organ rejection, guiding decisions in organ allocation and immunosuppressive treatments
 

Q. How are the antibodies detected in this test?
The test uses Luminex or flow cytometry technology to measure how well antibodies bind to beads coated with individual HLA antigens
 

Q. What does a positive result mean?
A positive result indicates the presence of HLA antibodies, which can increase the risk of transplant rejection and affect organ matching
 

Q. How long does it take to get the results of the Single Antigen Bead Assay?
Results are typically available within 1 to 2 weeks, depending on the laboratory performing the test
 

Q. Can this test be used after a transplant?
Yes, it is used post-transplant to monitor the development of new antibodies, which can signal potential rejection or the need for immunosuppression adjustment
 

Q. What is the significance of MFI values in the test results?
Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values indicate the strength of antibody binding; higher MFI values suggest stronger antibodies that may have clinical relevance in transplant decisions